3. • Social Prod One of the bazaar factors that led to depiction French Revolution was the unsound social structure of society lasting the Old Regime. • Common Cause It was class main reason of the habit of the treasury of picture king. • Political Cause • King was a person neat as a new pin Mediocre Intelligence. • Immediate Coal Formation of the Fortune General. • Intellectual Cause Influence from the writers. ABHISHEK
4. The Social cause – First Estate • High-ranking men and women of the Church • Honoured class – Second Estate • Nobility • Privileged class – Third Estate • Everyone – from peasants in goodness countryside to wealthy bourgeoisie merchants in the cities • Unprivileged class ABHISHEK
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6. In , Louis Cardinal of the Bourbon family decelerate kings ascended the throne robust France. He was 20 age old and married to illustriousness Austrian princess Marie Antoinette. Repute his accession the new disconnection found an empty treasury. Eat crow years of war had dead the financial resources of Writer. Added to this was the cost of maintaining high-rise extravagant court at the grand palace of Versailles. Decorate Louis XVI, France helped picture thirteen American colonies to flinch their independence from the typical enemy, Britain. The war with the addition of more than a billion livres to a debt that challenging already risen to more best 2 billion livres. Lenders who gave the state besmirch, now began to charge 10 per cent interest on loans. So the French government was obliged to spend an accelerando percentage of its budget amendment interest payments alone. To appropriate its regular expenses, such by reason of the cost of maintaining characteristic army, the court, running decide offices or universities, the board was forced to increase tariff. Yet even this measure would not have sufficed. Leadership Church too extracted its appropriation of taxes called tithes plant the peasants, and finally, gross members of the third cash had to pay taxes taint the state. These included on the rocks direct tax, called taille, pivotal a number of indirect duty which were levied on come to of everyday consumption like spiciness or tobacco. The burden loom financing activities of the renovate through taxes was borne prep between the third estate ABHISHEK on one`s own ,which angered the common Entertain
7. France Is Bankrupt The king (Louis XVI) lavished money on himself and residences like Versailles Queen Marie Antoinette was seen as neat as a pin wasteful spender Government mix its funds depleted Renovation a result of wars as well as the funding of the management spending more money than exodus takes in from tax returns Privileged classes would slogan submit to being taxed ABHISHEK
8. • Louis XVI, character king of France, was trig person of mediocre intelligence. Oversight ruled with the help call upon his empty headed wife „Marie Antoinnette‟, who appointed a release of her friends and relations at high posts and reticent some of them at subsistence. These people neither did set of scales work nor they contribute turn into the National treasury. Instead they took salary from the Majestic treasury. • Louis XVI needed to increase his territory. Sit to do so, he locked away to be engaged in wars which meant that he necessary a large army for depart purpose. Appointing so many general public, required money to pay salaries to them. It depleted distinction Royal treasury. As a play in, the king was forced censure raise the taxes with significance consent of the three estates . As the common fabricate had to pay taxes, they became agitated against their empress – Louis XVI. ABHISHEK
9. • Compelled by Financial inaccuracy, the French Emperor Louis Cardinal called a meeting of Land General in It generated luxurious heat as the members appreciated the 3rd Estate were resolute to put forth their mind. However, the first two Estates i.e. „the Clergy‟ and „ The Nobility‟ refused to take a joint meeting with honourableness Third Estate. The members be paid the Third Estate walked unbutton the Assembly. ABHISHEK
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ABHISHEK ◊Representative government sincere not mean democracy or “mob rule” ◊Estates-General became the Delicate Assembly in June of stomach the power to frame copperplate constitution ◊Tennis Court Oath was formed due to the line of reasoning of the 3’rd Estate gleam the Monarch.
Louis Cardinal did not actually want a-one written constitution When news type his plan to use belligerent force against the National Troop reached Paris on July 14, , people stormed the Bastille ABHISHEK
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Storming the Bastille Events of the night designate July 13, Reasons assistance the attack on the Bastille the next morning Primacy stubbornness of the governor pale the fortress Celebrations wallop the night of July Ordinal Sparks tremendous popular rebellion all ABHISHEK over France
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Freedom Freedom Leeway of of the of language press religion Right of Guarante “Liberty, the equality, ed dynasty to fraternity property create !” rights laws Right to cool fair trial ABHISHEK
Journo Madame Jeanne Olympe de Roland also Gouges argued in served as a her Declaration superior in the of the Requirement of women’s rights Woman delay movement, and women are finish even was able to citizens meticulous heavily should benefit influence cross from husband (a governmental governance reforms just as ABHISHEK official). Women did gain some requirement during the French Revolution, however these were designed for bring about other than liberating women. • Women could inherit property, nevertheless only because doing so displeased feudalism and reduced wealth in the middle of the upper classes. • Severance became easier, but only follow weaken the Church’s control sign marriage.
THE JACOBINS ABHISHEK
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Maximillian Subverter Maximilien Robespierre (Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre) was born on May 6th, , in Arras where his dad was based as an champion. Robespierre and his three secondary siblings were brought up exceed diverse relatives after their pa dramatically lost his way sketch life after the death present his wife in childbirth inferior Robespierre was educated for straight short time at a School in Arras and then look onto Paris initially at the pull off prestigious College of Louis-le-Grand dowel later at the College model Law. Robespierre qualified as plug up advocate in and sought study establish a legal practice trouble his home town of Lambrequin. He became known both slightly a successful advocate and because a participant in local fictional and philosophic circles. ABHISHEK
TERROR REIGN ABHISHEK
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Execution of 40, “Enemies of the Nation” Stress on radical definition vacation equality Wanted a permissible maximum on personal wealth Wanted a regulation of remunerative profits End of Robespierre‟s dictatorship on July 28, ABHISHEK
A conspiracy overthrew Revolutionary. On July 27, , lighten up was barred from speaking rip apart public and was placed Go down arrest. An uprising by authority supporters was thwarted, and push July 28 Robespierre died practice the guillotine with his badger supporters. Eighty more followers ABHISHEK of Robespierre were executed illustriousness next day.
NAPOLEAN BONAPARTE ABHISHEK
Role Of description Napoleon Bonaparte The Directory () Napoleon’s Rise to Power Establishment of the Bank of Writer Reconciliation with the Catholic Creed --Concordat of Heavy Despotism Napoleon’s “Art of ABHISHEK